Surgeries 

     North Knox Veterinary conducts the following procedures. Anything not listed would probably require a specialist in which Dr. Spearman would do a referral.

    Spaying and Neutering (Ovariohysterectomy and Castration) 

    • Spaying: The removal of a female animal’s ovaries and uterus, preventing pregnancy and eliminating the risk of certain health problems like ovarian cancer. 
    • Neutering: The removal of a male animal’s testicles, preventing unwanted breeding and reducing the risk of prostate problems and testicular cancer. 

    Soft Tissue 

    These surgeries involve non-bone tissues such as organs, skin, and connective tissue. 

    • Tumor Removal: Surgical removal of benign or malignant tumors, often from organs, skin, or other tissues. 
    • Gastrointestinal Surgery: Procedures such as removing foreign objects from the stomach or intestines, treating gastrointestinal obstructions, or addressing issues like volvulus (twisted stomach) or intussusception (intestinal telescoping). 
    • Bladder Surgery: Surgeries to treat bladder stones, kidney problems, or congenital abnormalities. 
    • C-Sections (Caesarean Sections): Surgery to deliver puppies, kittens, or other animals if the mother is unable to deliver naturally due to complications. 

     Emergency  

    Surgeries are often performed in response to accidents or sudden health crises, such as: 

    • Trauma Surgery: Repairing injuries resulting from accidents, such as lacerations, punctures, or internal injuries. 
    • Hemorrhage Control: Surgery to stop severe bleeding due to injuries or underlying conditions. 
    • Foreign Object Removal: Ingested or lodged foreign objects (e.g., toys, bones, or fabric) that can cause internal damage or blockages. 

    Ophthalmic 

    • Eyelid Surgery: Treating eyelid problems like entropion (inward rolling of the eyelids) or ectropion (outward rolling), or correcting issues like conjunctivitis. 

    Dental 

    • Tooth Extractions: Removal of damaged, decayed, or infected teeth. 
    • Oral Tumor Removal: Surgical excision of growths or tumors in the mouth. 

    Urological 

    This type of surgery focuses on the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, and urethra. 

    • Urinary Tract Surgery: Correcting problems such as urinary blockages, bladder stones, or congenital abnormalities. 
    • Cystotomy: Removal of bladder stones or other foreign objects. 

    Reproductive 

    Reproductive surgery addresses issues related to the reproductive organs. 

    • Pyometra Surgery: Removal of the uterus in females with pyometra (a severe infection of the uterus). 
    • Vaginal Surgery: To correct abnormalities in the vagina or reproductive tract, such as prolapse or congenital malformations. 
    • Vasectomy: A form of sterilization for male animals that still allows for the production of sperm but prevents reproduction.